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BacDive ID 132198
Type strain
Strain Designation strain Tjernberg & Ursing 151a
Culture col. no. DSM 102977 CCM 8555 CCUG 26390 CIP 110486 NIPH 2171 strain Tjernberg & Ursing 151a 1 more
NCBI tax ID(s) 70346
Links
version 10 (current version)

General

@ref: 23987

BacDive-ID: 132198

DSM-Number: 102977

keywords: genome sequence, 16S sequence, mesophilic, Gram-negative, oval-shaped

description: Acinetobacter variabilis strain Tjernberg & Ursing 151a is a mesophilic, Gram-negative, oval-shaped prokaryote that was isolated from human urine.

NCBI tax id

  • NCBI tax id: 70346
  • Matching level: species

strain history

@refhistory
23987<- CCM <- A. Nemec; NIPH 2171 <- I. Tjernberg; strain Tjernberg & Ursing 151a
123796CIP <- 2012, A. Nemec, Inst. Pasteur, Paris, France: strain NIPH 2171, Genomic sp. 15TU <- CCUG <- Tjernberg 151a

doi: 10.13145/bacdive132198.20251217.10

Name and taxonomic classification

LPSN

  • @ref: 20215
  • description: kingdom/pseudomonadati
  • keyword: phylum/pseudomonadota
  • phylum: Pseudomonadota
  • class: Gammaproteobacteria
  • order: Pseudomonadales
  • family: Moraxellaceae
  • genus: Acinetobacter
  • species: Acinetobacter variabilis
  • full scientific name: Acinetobacter variabilis Krizova et al. 2015
  • synonyms

    @refsynonym
    20215Acinetobacter refrigeratoris
    20215Acinetobacter refrigeratorensis

@ref: 23987

domain: Bacteria

phylum: Proteobacteria

class: Gammaproteobacteria

order: Pseudomonadales

family: Moraxellaceae

genus: Acinetobacter

species: Acinetobacter variabilis

full scientific name: Acinetobacter variabilis Krizova et al. 2015

strain designation: strain Tjernberg & Ursing 151a

type strain: yes

Morphology

cell morphology

@refgram stainconfidencecell shapemotility
125438negative98
125439negative92.3
123796negativeoval-shapedno

Culture and growth conditions

culture medium

@refnamegrowthcompositionlink
38466MEDIUM 72- for trypto casein soja agaryesDistilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Trypto casein soy agar (40.000 g)
23987TRYPTICASE SOY BROTH AGAR (DSMZ Medium 535)yesName: TRYPTICASE SOY BROTH AGAR (DSMZ Medium 535) Composition: Trypticase soy broth 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Distilled waterhttps://mediadive.dsmz.de/medium/535
123796CIP Medium 72yeshttps://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_milieu.xhtml?crbip=72

culture temp

@refgrowthtypetemperature
38466positivegrowth30
23987positivegrowth30

Physiology and metabolism

oxygen tolerance

@refoxygen toleranceconfidence
125438aerobe90.969
125439obligate aerobe98.3

spore formation

@refspore formationconfidence
125438no91.485
125439no91

metabolite utilization

@refChebi-IDmetaboliteutilization activitykind of utilization tested
6837418257ornithine-degradation
6837429016arginine-hydrolysis
6837425094lysine-degradation
6837416199urea-hydrolysis
6837418403L-arabitol-builds acid from
6837418024D-galacturonic acid-builds acid from
68374Potassium 5-ketogluconate-builds acid from
6837416899D-mannitol-builds acid from
6837417306maltose-builds acid from
6837415963ribitol-builds acid from
6837418394palatinose-builds acid from
6837415792malonate-assimilation
6837427897tryptophan-energy source
6837417634D-glucose-builds acid from
6837417992sucrose-builds acid from
6837430849L-arabinose-builds acid from
6837418333D-arabitol-builds acid from
6837427082trehalose-builds acid from
6837462345L-rhamnose-builds acid from
6837417268myo-inositol-builds acid from
6836917632nitrate-reduction
6837430911sorbitol-builds acid from
6837417057cellobiose-builds acid from
6836925115malate+assimilation
6836917128adipate-assimilation
6836927689decanoate+assimilation
6836924265gluconate-assimilation
6836917306maltose-assimilation
6836959640N-acetylglucosamine-assimilation
6836916899D-mannitol-assimilation
6836916024D-mannose-assimilation
6836930849L-arabinose-assimilation
6836917634D-glucose-assimilation
683695291gelatin-hydrolysis
683694853esculin-hydrolysis
6836916199urea-hydrolysis
6836929016arginine-hydrolysis
6836917634D-glucose-fermentation
6836927897tryptophan-energy source

metabolite production

@refChebi-IDmetaboliteproduction
6837435581indoleno
6836935581indoleno

metabolite tests

@refChebi-IDmetaboliteindole test
6837435581indole-
6836935581indole-

enzymes

@refvalueactivityec
68374N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase-3.2.1.52
68374urease-3.5.1.5
68374lipase+
68374beta-glucosidase-3.2.1.21
68374beta-glucuronidase-3.2.1.31
68374arginine dihydrolase-3.5.3.6
68374lysine decarboxylase-4.1.1.18
68374alpha-maltosidase-
68374alpha-galactosidase-3.2.1.22
68374alpha-glucosidase-3.2.1.20
68374beta-galactosidase-3.2.1.23
68374ornithine decarboxylase-4.1.1.17
68369cytochrome oxidase-1.9.3.1
68369gelatinase-
68369beta-glucosidase-3.2.1.21
68369urease-3.5.1.5
68369arginine dihydrolase-3.5.3.6
68374L-aspartate arylamidase+3.4.11.21

API 20NE

@refNO3TRPGLU_ FermADH ArgUREESCGELPNPGGLU_ AssimARAMNEMANNAGMALGNTCAPADIMLTCITPACOX
23987---------------+-+-+-

API ID32E

@refODCADH ArgLDC LysURELARLGAT5KGLIPRPbeta GLUMANMALADOPLEbeta GURMNTINDbeta NAGbeta GALGLUSACLARADARLalpha GLUalpha GALTRERHAINOCELSORalphaMALAspA
48431-------++----------------------+

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

isolation

@refsample typegeographic locationcountryorigin.countrycontinentsampling dateisolation date
23987human urineMalmöSwedenSWEEurope
48431Human urineMalmöSwedenSWEEurope1987
123796Human, UrineMalmöSwedenSWEEurope1980

isolation source categories

Cat1Cat2Cat3
#Host#Human
#Host Body Product#Fluids#Urine

taxonmaps

  • @ref: 69479
  • File name: preview.99_1891.png
  • url: https://microbeatlas.org/index.html?action=taxon&taxon_id=90_8;96_11;97_459;98_1490;99_1891&stattab=map
  • Last taxonomy: Acinetobacter
  • 16S sequence: KP278590
  • Sequence Identity:
  • Total samples: 61907
  • soil counts: 6187
  • aquatic counts: 13775
  • animal counts: 39559
  • plant counts: 2386

Interaction and safety

risk assessment

@refbiosafety levelbiosafety level comment
1237961Risk group (French classification)
239872Risk group (German classification)

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@refdescriptionassembly levelINSDC accessionBV-BRC accessionIMG accessionNCBI tax IDscore
66792Acin_sp_NIPH_2171_V1 assembly for Acinetobacter variabilis NIPH 2171scaffoldGCA_0003696251217693.325659566557034674.99
124043ASM2009937v1 assembly for Acinetobacter variabilis FDAARGOS_1487completeGCA_02009937570346.107034698.7
66792Acinetobacter variabilis strain FDAARGOS_1487complete70346.137034699
66792Acinetobacter variabilis strain FDAARGOS_1487complete70346.117034699
66792Acinetobacter variabilis strain FDAARGOS_1487complete70346.127034699

16S sequences

@refdescriptionaccessionlengthdatabaseNCBI tax ID
23987Acinetobacter variabilis strain NIPH 2171 16S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequenceKP2785901527nuccore70346
124043Acinetobacter sp. NIPH 2171 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.KC7631781500nuccore70346
124043Acinetobacter variabilis strain NIPH 2171 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.MT9130231203nuccore70346

Genome-based predictions

predictions

@refmodeltraitdescriptionpredictionconfidencetraining_data
125439BacteriaNetoxygen_toleranceOxygenic conditions needed for growthobligate aerobe98.3
125439BacteriaNetgram_stainReaction to gram-stainingnegative92.3
125439BacteriaNetmotilityAbility to perform movementyes50.1
125439BacteriaNetspore_formationAbility to form endo- or exosporesno91
125438gram-positivegram-positivePositive reaction to Gram-stainingno98no
125438anaerobicanaerobicAbility to grow under anoxygenic conditions (including facultative anaerobes)no96.907no
125438spore-formingspore-formingAbility to form endo- or exosporesno91.485no
125438aerobicaerobicAbility to grow under oxygenic conditions (including facultative aerobes)yes90.969no
125438thermophilethermophilicAbility to grow at temperatures above or equal to 45°Cno99.475yes
125438motile2+flagellatedAbility to perform flagellated movementno78.722no

Literature

@ref: 23987

culture collection no.: DSM 102977, CCM 8555, CCUG 26390, CIP 110486, NIPH 2171

straininfo link

  • @ref: 126262
  • straininfo: 51044

literature

topicPubmed-IDtitleauthorsjournalDOIyearmeshtopic2
Phylogeny25510976Acinetobacter variabilis sp. nov. (formerly DNA group 15 sensu Tjernberg & Ursing), isolated from humans and animals.Krizova L, McGinnis J, Maixnerova M, Nemec M, Poirel L, Mingle L, Sedo O, Wolfgang W, Nemec AInt J Syst Evol Microbiol10.1099/ijs.0.0000282014Acinetobacter/*classification/genetics/isolation & purification, Animals, Bacterial Typing Techniques, DNA, Bacterial/genetics, Genes, Bacterial, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, *Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationPathogenicity
Metabolism28583948Lysinibacillus fusiformis M5 Induces Increased Complexity in Bacillus subtilis 168 Colony Biofilms via Hypoxanthine.Gallegos-Monterrosa R, Kankel S, Gotze S, Barnett R, Stallforth P, Kovacs AT.J Bacteriol10.1128/jb.00204-172017Bacillus subtilis, Interaction, Hypoxanthine, biofilms, Lysinibacillus Fusiformis, growth & development, metabolism, physiology, metabolism, Soil Microbiology, Microbial Interactions
Phylogeny30257907An Update on the Novel Genera and Species and Revised Taxonomic Status of Bacterial Organisms Described in 2016 and 2017.Munson E, Carroll KC.J Clin Microbiol10.1128/jcm.01181-182019Taxonomy, Bacteria, Nomenclature, phylogenetics, classification, isolation & purification, microbiology, methods, Terminology as TopicEnzymology
31740705Effect of inoculated azotobacteria and Phanerochaete chrysosporium on the composting of olive pomace: Microbial community dynamics and phenols evolution.Milanovic V, Osimani A, Cardinali F, Taccari M, Garofalo C, Clementi F, Ashoor S, Mozzon M, Foligni R, Canonico L, Ciani M, Aquilanti L.Sci Rep10.1038/s41598-019-53313-z2019Azotobacter, Phanerochaete, Olea, physiology, methods
33396931Cellulose Derived Graphene/Polyaniline Nanocomposite Anode for Energy Generation and Bioremediation of Toxic Metals via Benthic Microbial Fuel Cells.Yaqoob AA, Yaqoob AA, Mohamad Ibrahim MN, Umar K, Bhawani SA, Khan A, Asiri AM, Khan MR, Azam M, AlAmmari AM.Polymers (Basel)10.3390/polym130101352020Metals, Energy, Electrode, Graphene Oxide, Benthic Microbial Fuel Cell, Synthetic Wastewater
33513865Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Haplogroup E Human Lice in Guinea, West Africa.Hammoud A, Louni M, Balde MC, Beavogui AH, Gautret P, Raoult D, Fenollar F, Misse D, Mediannikov O.Microorganisms10.3390/microorganisms90202572021Guinea, Acinetobacter Spp., Head Lice, Acinetobacter Haemolyticus, Haplogroup E, Phum540560 Gene
34431761Emergence of a multidrug-resistant plasmid encoding bla NDM-1, bla OXA-420 and armA in a clinical isolate of Acinetobacter variabilis in Japan.Uechi K, Tohya M, Tada T, Tome T, Takahashi A, Kinjo T, Maeda S, Kirikae T, Fujita J.J Med Microbiol10.1099/jmm.0.0013952021Carbapenemase, Ndm-1, Arma, Oxa-420, Acinetobacter Variablis, Carbapenem Inactivation Method (Cimtris Ii), genetics, microbiology, epidemiology, microbiology, epidemiology, genetics, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
34827349Genomic Characterization of a Proteus sp. Strain of Animal Origin Co-Carrying blaNDM-1 and lnu(G).Li Y, Qiu Y, She J, Wang X, Dai X, Zhang L.Antibiotics (Basel)10.3390/antibiotics101114112021Carbapenem, Iscr1, Ispst2, Tn6260, Ppvsc3-like
Genetics34987485Occurrence and Molecular Characterization of Abundant tet(X) Variants Among Diverse Bacterial Species of Chicken Origin in Jiangsu, China.Li Y, Peng K, Yin Y, Sun X, Zhang W, Li R, Wang Z.Front Microbiol10.3389/fmicb.2021.7510062021Plasmids, Chickens, Whole-genome Sequencing, Tigecycline Resistance, Tet(x)
Genetics35401428QitanTech Nanopore Long-Read Sequencing Enables Rapid Resolution of Complete Genomes of Multi-Drug Resistant Pathogens.Peng K, Yin Y, Li Y, Qin S, Liu Y, Yang X, Wang Z, Li R.Front Microbiol10.3389/fmicb.2022.7786592022Antimicrobial resistance, Microbial Genomics, Long-read Sequencing, Multi-drug Resistant (Mdr) Bacteria, Qitantech Sequencing
35579466Studies on the Transmission of a Tigecycline Resistance-Mediating tet(A) Gene Variant from Enterobacter hormaechei via a Two-Step Recombination Process.Yu R, Chen Z, Li D, Schwarz S, Wang X, Du XD.Microbiol Spectr10.1128/spectrum.00496-222022Resistance, Transmission, Resistance genes, Dissemination, Antibiotic Resistance, Antimicrobial agents, Tigecycline, Plasmid-mediated Resistance, Enterobacter Hormaechei, Tet(a) Variant, Escherichia coli, Anti-Bacterial Agents
36081799Classification and molecular characteristics of tet(X)-carrying plasmids in Acinetobacter species.Chen C, Huang PY, Cui CY, He Q, Sun J, Liu YH, Huang JL.Front Microbiol10.3389/fmicb.2022.9744322022Replicon Typing, Acinetobacter Species, Tet(x), Mobile Tigecycline Resistance, Gr31 Plasmid
Phylogeny36289957Effects of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic (Florfenicol) on Resistance Genes and Bacterial Community Structure of Water and Sediments in an Aquatic Microcosm Model.Zhang T, Ding Y, Peng J, Dai Y, Luo S, Liu W, Ma Y.Antibiotics (Basel)10.3390/antibiotics11101299202216S rDNA, Antibiotic resistance genes, Florfenicol, Bacterial Community Structure, Aquatic Microcosm
36409072Identification of Novel tet(X3) Variants Resistant To Tigecycline in Acinetobacter Species.Cheng Y, Li Y, Yu R, Ma M, Yang M, Si H.Microbiol Spectr10.1128/spectrum.01333-222022Tigecycline Resistance, Acinetobacter Schindleri, Tet(x3), Acinetobacter Variabilis, Tet(x), Acinetobacter, Escherichia coli Proteins, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Tigecycline
Genetics37067411High Genetic Diversity of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Recovered in Nigerian Hospitals in 2016 to 2020.Odih EE, Oaikhena AO, Underwood A, Hounmanou YMG, Oduyebo OO, Fadeyi A, Aboderin AO, Ogunleye VO, Argimon S, Akpunonu VN, Oshun PO, Egwuenu A, Okwor TJ, Ihekweazu C, Aanensen DM, Dalsgaard A, Okeke IN.mSphere10.1128/msphere.00098-232023Acinetobacter baumannii, Genomics, Antimicrobial resistance, Surveillance, Carbapenem Resistance, Blandm-1, Blaoxa-23, Acinetobacter baumannii, Anti-Bacterial Agents
37138596A comprehensive genomic analysis provides insights on the high environmental adaptability of Acinetobacter strains.Zhao Y, Wei HM, Yuan JL, Xu L, Sun JQ.Front Microbiol10.3389/fmicb.2023.11779512023Acinetobacter, environmental adaptability, Metabolic, Horizontal Gene Transfer (Hgt), Comparative Genomic Analysis
37666842Ecology and resistance to UV light and antibiotics of microbial communities on UV cabins in the dermatology service of a Spanish hospital.Molina-Menor E, Carlotto N, Vidal-Verdu A, Perez-Ferriols A, Perez-Pastor G, Porcar M.Sci Rep10.1038/s41598-023-40996-82023Dermatology, Microbiota
38162954Detection of non-ribosomal and polyketide biosynthetic genes in bacteria from green mud crab Scylla serrata gut microbiome and their antagonistic activities.Banu S, Alva S, Prabhu PJ, Krishnan S, Mani MK.Fish Shellfish Immunol Rep10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.1001042023PCR, Antimicrobial activity, Gut Bacteria, Biosynthetic Genes, Mud Crab
38765680Detection of florfenicol resistance in opportunistic Acinetobacter spp. infections in rural Thailand.Tan BSY, Mohan L, Watthanaworawit W, Ngamprasertchai T, Nosten FH, Ling C, Bifani P.Front Microbiol10.3389/fmicb.2024.13688132024Horizontal gene transfer, Flor, Chloramphenicol, Acinetobacter Spp., Florfenicol Resistance
39162506RESIST ACINETO test for the rapid detection of NDM and OXA acquired carbapenemases directly from blood culture in Acinetobacter species.Potron A, Daniel M, Bay M, Choulet P, Garrigos T, Sababadichetty L, Belmonte O, Fournier D, Jeannot K, Miltgen G.Microbiol Spectr10.1128/spectrum.01044-242024Acinetobacter, Rapid detection, Carbapenemases, Blood culture, Oxa-23, Ndm, Oxa-58, Oxa-24/40, Acinetobacter, Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter Infections, beta-Lactamases, Bacterial Proteins, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Blood Culture
39203358Counteracting Grey Mould (Botrytis cinerea) in Grapevine 'Glera' Using Three Putative Biological Control Agent Strains (Paraburkholderia sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Acinetobacter sp.): Impact on Symptoms, Yield, and Gene Expression.Mian G, Belfiore N, Marcuzzo P, Spinelli F, Tomasi D, Colautti A.Microorganisms10.3390/microorganisms120815152024Vitis vinifera, Botrytis cinerea, Pseudomonas spp., Gene Expression, Acinetobacter Spp., Biological Control Agents, Paraburkholderia Spp.
Genetics39730399Whole genome analysis of 26 bacterial strains reveals aromatic and hydrocarbon degrading enzymes from diverse environmental soil samples.Hossain MS, Iken B, Iyer R.Sci Rep10.1038/s41598-024-78564-32024Bacteria, Soil Microbiology, Genome, Bacterial, Biodegradation, Environmental
39920134The tetracycline resistome is shaped by selection for specific resistance mechanisms by each antibiotic generation.Blake KS, Xue YP, Gillespie VJ, Fishbein SRS, Tolia NH, Wencewicz TA, Dantas G.Nat Commun10.1038/s41467-025-56425-52025Escherichia coli, Tetracycline, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Tetracycline Resistance, Selection, Genetic
40050994Antimicrobial resistance transmission in the environmental settings through traditional and UV-enabled advanced wastewater treatment plants: a metagenomic insight.Talat A, Bashir Y, Khalil N, Brown CL, Gupta D, Khan AU.Environ Microbiome10.1186/s40793-024-00658-22025Bacteria, Antibiotic resistance genes, Antibiotic Resistance, Uv Disinfection, Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
40696136Pan-genus analysis and typing of antimicrobial resistance plasmids in Acinetobacter.Tobin LA, Lam MMC, Hamidian M.NPJ Antimicrob Resist10.1038/s44259-025-00133-z2025
40864773The Extract of Periplaneta americana (L.) Promotes Hair Regrowth in Mice with Alopecia by Regulating the FOXO/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway and Skin Microbiota.Guan T, Yang X, Hong C, Zhang Z, Xiao P, Yang Y, Zhang C, He Z.Curr Issues Mol Biol10.3390/cimb470806192025Alopecia, Metabolomics, Transcriptomics, Network Pharmacology, Skin Microbiota, Periplaneta Americana (L.)
41097540Threat and Control of tet(X)-Mediated Tigecycline-Resistant Acinetobacter sp. Bacteria.Chen C, Wu T, Liu J, Gao J.Foods10.3390/foods141933742025Rapid detection, Treatment Options, Acinetobacter Spp., Food-producing Animals, Tigecycline Resistance, Tet(x)
41304269Establishment of Specific Multiplex PCR Detection Methods for the Predominant tet(X)-Positive Acinetobacter Species.Chen C, Liu J, Gao J, Wu T, Huang J.Microorganisms10.3390/microorganisms131125842025Multiplex Pcr Detection, Tet(x), A. Amyesii, A. Indicus, A. Towneri

Reference

@idauthorstitledoi/urlcatalogue
20215Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ10.1099/ijsem.0.004332
23987Curators of the DSMZhttps://www.dsmz.de/collection/catalogue/details/culture/DSM-102977Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH (DSM 102977)
38466Curators of the CIPhttps://brclims.pasteur.fr/brcWeb/souche/detail/1/8351
48431Curators of the CCUGhttps://www.ccug.se/strain?id=26390Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) (CCUG 26390)
66792Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg OvermannAutomatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information)https://diaspora-project.de/progress.html#genomes
68369Automatically annotated from API 20NE
68374Automatically annotated from API ID32E
69479João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.MicrobeAtlas 1.0 betahttps://microbeatlas.org/
123796Curators of the CIPhttps://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_catalogue.xhtml?crbip=CIP%20110486Collection of Institut Pasteur (CIP 110486)
124043Isabel Schober, Julia KoblitzData extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy
125438Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg OvermannPredicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets10.1101/2024.08.12.607695
125439Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardydeepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1https://github.com/GenomeNet/deepG
126262A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. ReimerStrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers10.1093/database/baaf059